On October 1^st, we marked the International Day of Older Persons (IDOP). Its purpose is to shine a spotlight on the challenges faced by older populations whilst also recognising the vital role in the community and society. This year’s theme reminded us that ageing is not just about the individual, it is also about the networks of relationships that support health, wellbeing and purpose.

As life expectancy increases, many more of us will live through this stage of life. But it is not without its difficulties as many experience:

• Shifts in social networks, friendships and community connections
• Changes to our sense of identity as we adjust to new roles and routines
• Potential changes in financial security
• Developments, challenges and changes to health and wellbeing

Furthermore, by 2035, it is estimated that 70% of older adults will be living with more than one long-term health condition, which can add further complexity to our lives – a reality that cannot be ignored. Whilst some will argue that focusing on these challenges reinforces negative stereotypes of ageing, acknowledging the difficulties also opens the door to meaningful solutions and to recognising opportunities for healthier and fulfilling later years.

Indeed, whilst physical changes are inevitable, research consistently shows that many older adults express a strong desire to maintain their independence, preserve their daily functioning and even restore lost abilities when possible; and yet, despite this evidence, a common perception persists in health and social care settings:

 “They don’t want to change”

Having worked alongside carers, support staff and healthcare professionals, I have seen extraordinary passion and commitment to older adults’ wellbeing. But I have also heard the recurring narrative:

This belief often stems from a perception that older adults are inherently stoic, set in their ways or are resistant to new approaches, whether that’s adopting healthier routines, engaging in new social activities or embracing support services. And whilst it is true that respecting autonomy is a cornerstone of ethical care, this assumption can inadvertently become a barrier to meaningful intervention.

In reality, reluctance is often more about how change is presented, rather than a lack of willingness. For example:

• Someone might decline an exercise class because it feels intimating but happily join a walking group with peers from their community.
• A person who has been told what they need to eat and when, ignores this information, but when actively involved in conversations and shared decision making, commits to making changes.

Examples like this remind us that when someone says “no”, our role is to listen more deeply, seeking to understand and explore their personal meaning, sense of identity and social connections.

Balancing respect for autonomy with gentle encouragement and personalised approaches here can make a profound difference. The aim is not to override choice, but to uncover what matters most to the person and work collaboratively towards it, recognising that change, at any age, is possible and often deeply rewarding.

When implicit bias stops the conversation

The assumption such as someone being “too set in their ways” is a form of what we call, implicit bias. It is often coupled with assumptions around capability; they are “too old” and “have too many health conditions”. These snap judgments, though often unintentional, can lead to fewer conversations about wellbeing with the very people who might benefit most. And over time, this contributes to unequal access to health-promoting information and support, reinforcing existing health disparities.

Recognising these assumptions and patterns of thinking is important – and then considering how we might respond differently. As healthcare professionals, we are in a unique position to create opportunities for people to explore what living well means for them. By being intentional in our approach, we can open doors rather than close them.

So what can we do in practice?

• Challenge bias: Everyone in a supportive or health-oriented role has a part to play, whether that’s through offering direct advice, signposting to resources or simply starting a positive conversation. By staying mindful of our own assumptions, we can make sure all individuals have the opportunity and encouragement to live well, regardless of who they are or what challenges they face. Think back to a time when you chose not to approach an older adult about making a healthy change. What stopped you? Was it something spoken or unspoken? Reflecting on these moments can help reveal how unconscious biases may be influencing your decisions.

• Start the conversation: It’s not our role to decide whether someone will or won’t be interested. Instead, ask, explore and listen. Seek to understand what matters to the person – their identity, values, and aspirations. For practical tips in this area, see: Listening – Unlocking the Power of Understanding.

If we continue to assume that older adults won’t change, we risk underestimating their capacity, overlooking their goals and limiting their opportunities for a healthier, more connected later life. The narrative we hold shapes the care we deliver and by shifting it, we can transform outcomes.

This year’s IDOP theme Building Belonging reminds us that ageing is not only about physical health but also about connection, purpose and community. When we move past assumptions and instead create spaces where older adults feel valued and supported, we do more than encourage healthy habits, we foster belonging.

And belonging is powerful: it motivates participation, sustains engagement and helps people see themselves not as “too old to change,” but as vital, contributing members of society.

By reframing our perceptions and practices, we can ensure that later life is not defined by limitations, but by opportunity, connection, and growth.